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1790: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (82)1791: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (74)1792: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (80)1793: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (86)1794: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (75)1795: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (74)1796: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (71)1797: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (72)1798: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (70)1799: Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders (70)Soldiers, Warriors and Leaders
1790: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (69)1791: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (63)1792: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (65)1793: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (79)1794: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (68)1795: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (69)1796: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (69)1797: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (69)1798: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (67)1799: Wars, Battles and Conflicts (67)Wars, Battles and Conflicts
1790: Armed Forces (61)1791: Armed Forces (55)1792: Armed Forces (59)1793: Armed Forces (58)1794: Armed Forces (55)1795: Armed Forces (55)1796: Armed Forces (52)1797: Armed Forces (52)1798: Armed Forces (50)1799: Armed Forces (50)Armed Forces
1790: Strategy and Tactics (10)1791: Strategy and Tactics (10)1792: Strategy and Tactics (10)1793: Strategy and Tactics (11)1794: Strategy and Tactics (10)1795: Strategy and Tactics (9)1796: Strategy and Tactics (9)1797: Strategy and Tactics (10)1798: Strategy and Tactics (10)1799: Strategy and Tactics (10)Strategy and Tactics
1790: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (45)1791: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (43)1792: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (47)1793: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (55)1794: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (48)1795: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (48)1796: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (49)1797: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (51)1798: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (50)1799: Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications (50)Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications
 
 

Date > 1700 > 1790-1799 > 1793

Subject > Weapons, Equipment and Fortifications

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Title: Barracks
 
Type: Document
Online Reference Books
Description: The British garrison in Canada lived almost exclusively in barracks during the 18th and 19th centuries, unlike troops during the earlier French regime. This made British troops a somewhat isolated society within the colony as a whole. The authorities felt that this improved discipline.
Site: National Defence
 
Title: Weapons
 
Type: Document
Online Reference Books
Description: This section illustrates a selection of firearms and bladed weapons used by British and Canadian military units during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Site: National Defence
 
Title: Fort Chambly
 
Type: Image
Online Reference Books
Description: The third fort on this site, construction began on Fort Chambly in 1709. It was made of stone and looked rather like a castle. This made it different from the low-lying, bastioned fortresses of Europe. The fort was built to be impressive and all but impregnable to Indian enemies and raiding American colonials. The fort wall facing the Richelieu River was pierced for artillery. During the War of 1812, Fort Chambly was the HQ for British and Canadian troops guarding the area south of Montreal against an advance by American armies. The complex fell into ruins during the 19th century. Its walls were stabilized in 1885 when it was made a Canadian government historic park. Recognized as a unique surviving example of military architecture, Fort Chambly was given a major restoration in the 1980s by Parks Canada. This returned the fort to its appearance of the mid-18th century.
Site: National Defence
 
Title: Spanish fort at Nootka in 1793
 
Type: Image
Online Reference Books
Description: This watercolour by artist Sigismund Bacstrum is based on a sketch made 20 February 1793. It shows the presido at Nootka with the red and yellow Spanish flag flying over the battery at left, and the soldiers' barracks at right. (Parks Canada)
Site: National Defence
 
Title: The Board of Ordnance - a Separate Fiefdom
 
Type: Document
Online Reference Books
Description: In the 18th and 19th centuries, the Board of Ordnance was a separate government department. It supplied weapons and ammunition to the army and Royal Navy, and built fortifications and all other military buildings. It was also responsible for the Royal Artillery and the Royal Engineers.
Site: National Defence
 
Title: 'Cat of nine tails' whip
 
Type: Image
Online Reference Books
Description: The 'cat of nine tails' was a whip used to flog soldiers. This one was used in the British 83rd Regiment of Foot. The length of the wooden stick was 43cm (1' 5"), its tails 53cm (1' 9"), and it weighed 141,75 g. (5 ounces). (Library of the Canadian Department of National Defence)
Site: National Defence
 
Title: British field artillery limber at the time of the War of 1812
 
Type: Image
Online Reference Books
Description: Limbers were small two-wheeled wagons that provided the 'front wheels' for cannon whose trail was hooked up to the limber for travelling. The limber boxes, also used as seats for gunners, contained ammunition and various tools for serving the gun. Four (or more) horses pulled both gun and limber. This reproduction limber is found at Fort George National Historic Site. Note the way the spoked wheels are 'dished' for extra strength, and slightly angled outwards at the top.
Site: National Defence
 
Title: Iron 24-pounder guns mounted on wooden garrison carriages
 
Type: Image
Online Reference Books
Description: These 24-pounder guns on garrison carriages are found in a bastion at Fort George National Historic Site, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. This solid carriage, with its small wheels and strong construction, was used to mount heavy guns in forts and field fortifications. The wheels were only intended to allow the gun to be pointed at its target. To move any great distance, a gun of this size would normally be dismounted and moved in a travelling carriage or heavy wagon drawn by a large team of horses. In North America during the early 19th century, movement by boat was preferred whenever possible because of the poor state of the roads.
Site: National Defence
 
Title: The Crossing
 
Type: Document
Online Reference Books
Description: British troops crossing the Atlantic during the 18th and 19th centuries were never comfortable. Transports were very crowded, with men sleeping 4 to a bunk. If bad weather prevented exercise on deck, epidemics were a real possibility. By sail, the trip took 2 or 3 months.
Site: National Defence
 
Title: A Very Mixed Organization
 
Type: Document
Online Reference Books
Description: Before 1854, the British army was governed by a complex series of overlapping bodies. Horse Guards (army headquarters) controlled most troops, but the civil Treasury ministry handled supplies, transportation and (in Canada) barracks through the Commissariat Department.
Site: National Defence
 
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